Study notes

Short, exam-focused notes for every Part-66 module, written from the Appendix I syllabus and checked against EASA, UK CAA and FAA handbook sources. The first note of every module is free.

Exam rules and categories

EASA Part-66 module exams: format, pass mark and retake rulesFREE
UK CAA Part-66 module exams: format, essays, booking and retakesFREE
Part-66 licence categories: privileges, modules and experienceFREE

Module 1: Mathematics

Module 1.1 ArithmeticFREE
Module 1.2 AlgebraPRO
Module 1.3 Geometry, graphs and trigonometryPRO

Module 2: Physics

Module 2.1 MatterFREE
Module 2.2.1 Statics: forces, moments, stress and pressurePRO
Module 2.2.2-2.2.3 Kinetics and dynamicsPRO
Module 2.2.4 Fluid dynamicsPRO
Module 2.3 ThermodynamicsPRO
Module 2.4-2.5 Optics, wave motion and soundPRO

Module 3: Electrical fundamentals

Module 3.1-3.4 Electron theory, static electricity, terminology and generationFREE
Module 3.5 Sources of DC electricity: cells, batteries, thermocouples, photocellsPRO
Module 3.6-3.8 DC circuits, resistance and powerPRO
Module 3.9 Capacitance and capacitorsPRO
Module 3.10-3.11 Magnetism and inductancePRO
Module 3.12 DC motor and generator theoryPRO
Module 3.13, 3.14 and 3.16 AC theory, R-L-C circuits and filtersPRO
Module 3.15 TransformersPRO
Module 3.17-3.18 AC generators and AC motorsPRO

Module 4: Electronic fundamentals

Module 4.1 Semiconductors: diodes, transistors and integrated circuitsFREE
Module 4.2-4.3 Printed circuit boards and servomechanismsPRO

Module 5: Digital techniques / electronic instrument systems

Module 5.1 and 5.11 Electronic instrument systems and electronic displaysFREE
Module 5.2-5.3 Numbering systems and data conversionPRO
Module 5.4, 5.9, 5.10 Data buses, multiplexing and fibre opticsPRO
Module 5.5 and 5.8 Logic circuits, encoders and decodersPRO
Module 5.6-5.7 Basic computer structure and microprocessorsPRO
Module 5.12-5.14 ESD, software management and the electromagnetic environmentPRO
Module 5.15 Typical electronic/digital aircraft systemsPRO

Module 6: Materials and hardware

Module 6.1 Aircraft materials - ferrousFREE
Module 6.2 Aircraft materials - non-ferrousPRO
Module 6.3 Composite and non-metallic materials, wood and fabricPRO
Module 6.4 CorrosionPRO
Module 6.5 Fasteners: screw threads, bolts, locking devices and rivetsPRO
Module 6.6-6.8 Pipes and unions, springs, bearingsPRO
Module 6.9-6.10 Transmissions and control cablesPRO
Module 6.11 Electrical cables and connectorsPRO

Module 7: Maintenance practices

Module 7.1-7.2 Safety precautions and workshop practicesFREE
Module 7.3 Tools: hand, power, precision measuring and test equipmentPRO
Module 7.5-7.6 Engineering drawings, diagrams, standards, fits and clearancesPRO
Module 7.7 Electrical wiring interconnection system (EWIS)PRO
Module 7.8 and 7.14 Riveting and material handling (sheet metal, composites, additive manufacturing)PRO
Module 7.9-7.13 Pipes and hoses, springs, bearings, transmissions and control cables (practices)PRO
Module 7.16 Aircraft weight and balancePRO
Module 7.17 Aircraft handling and storagePRO
Module 7.18 Disassembly, inspection, repair and assembly techniques (incl. NDT)PRO
Module 7.19 Abnormal events: lightning, HIRF, heavy landing, turbulencePRO
Module 7.20-7.21 Maintenance procedures, documentation and communicationPRO
Module 7 essays: how to write answers that passPRO

Module 8: Basic aerodynamics

Module 8.1–8.2 — The atmosphere (ISA) and basic aerodynamicsFREE
Module 8.3 — Theory of flight: forces, glide, turns, load factor and lift augmentationPRO
Module 8.4–8.5 — High-speed airflow and flight stabilityPRO

Module 9: Human factors

Module 9.1–9.2 — Why human factors matter; human performance and limitationsFREE
Module 9.3–9.4 — Social psychology and factors that affect performancePRO
Module 9.5–9.6 — Physical environment and maintenance tasksPRO
Module 9.7–9.8 — Communication and human error (SHELL, Reason, error types)PRO
Module 9.9–9.10 — Safety management, just culture and the Dirty DozenPRO

Module 10: Aviation legislation

Module 10.1 — Regulatory framework: ICAO, EU, EASA and the PartsFREE
Module 10.2 — Part-66 licences, privileges and the basic knowledge system (with Part-147)PRO
Module 10.3 — Approved maintenance organisations: Part-145 and Part-CAOPRO
Module 10.4 — Independent certifying staff under Part-M, Part-66 and Part-MLPRO
Module 10.5 — Air operations: AOC, operator responsibilities, MEL/CDL and documents on boardPRO
Module 10.6 — Certification of aircraft, parts and appliances: Part 21 and the CSsPRO
Module 10.7 — Continuing airworthiness: Part-M, Part-ML, Part-CAMO, Part-CAO and the AMPPRO
Module 10.8–10.10 — Oversight principles, requirements beyond EU rules, and cybersecurity (Part-IS)PRO

Module 11A: Turbine aeroplane aerodynamics, structures and systems

Module 11A.1 — Aeroplane aerodynamics, flight controls and other aerodynamic devicesFREE
Module 11A.2–11A.3 — Airframe structures: concepts, construction, fuselage, doors, wings, stabilisers, nacellesPRO
Module 11A.4 — Air conditioning and cabin pressurisation (ATA 21)PRO
Module 11A.5 — Instrument systems (ATA 31) and avionics systems overviewPRO
Module 11A.6 — Electrical power (ATA 24)PRO
Module 11A.7–11A.8 — Equipment and furnishings (ATA 25) and fire protection (ATA 26)PRO
Module 11A.9 — Flight controls (ATA 27): primary/secondary controls, actuation, fly-by-wire, riggingPRO
Module 11A.10 — Fuel systems (ATA 28) and inerting (ATA 47)PRO
Module 11A.11 and 11A.13 — Hydraulic power (ATA 29) and landing gear (ATA 32)PRO
Module 11A.12 — Ice and rain protection (ATA 30)PRO
Module 11A.14–11A.15 — Lights (ATA 33) and oxygen (ATA 35)PRO
Module 11A.16–11A.17 — Pneumatic/vacuum (ATA 36) and water/waste (ATA 38)PRO
Module 11A.18–11A.21 — On-board maintenance systems, IMA, cabin systems and information systemsPRO

Module 11B: Piston aeroplane aerodynamics, structures and systems

Module 11B.1–11B.3 — Piston aeroplanes: flight controls aerodynamics and airframe structuresFREE
Module 11B.4 and 11B.15 — Piston aeroplanes: pressurisation, heating, ventilation and oxygenPRO
Module 11B.5–11B.6 — Piston aeroplanes: instruments, avionics overview and electrical powerPRO
Module 11B.7, 11B.8 and 11B.14 — Piston aeroplanes: equipment and furnishings, fire protection, lightsPRO
Module 11B.9 — Piston aeroplanes: flight controls, trim, flaps, rigging and balancing (ATA 27)PRO
Module 11B.10–11B.11 — Piston aeroplanes: fuel systems (ATA 28) and hydraulic power (ATA 29)PRO
Module 11B.12–11B.13 — Piston aeroplanes: ice and rain protection, landing gearPRO
Module 11B.16–11B.17 — Piston aeroplanes: pneumatic/vacuum systems and water/wastePRO

Module 11C: Piston aeroplane aerodynamics, structures and systems (B3)

Module 11C.1–11C.3 — B3 light aeroplanes: aerodynamic devices and airframe structuresFREE
Module 11C.4–11C.6 — B3 light aeroplanes: heating and ventilation, instruments and avionics, electrical powerPRO
Module 11C.7, 11C.8, 11C.14, 11C.15 — B3 light aeroplanes: emergency equipment, portable extinguishers, lights and oxygenPRO
Module 11C.9 — B3 light aeroplanes: flight control systems, rigging and balancing (ATA 27)PRO
Module 11C.10, 11C.11, 11C.13 — B3 light aeroplanes: fuel, hydraulic power and landing gearPRO
Module 11C.12, 11C.16, 11C.17 — B3 light aeroplanes: ice and rain protection, pneumatic/vacuum, water/wastePRO

Module 12: Helicopter aerodynamics, structures and systems

12.1 Theory of flight — rotary wing aerodynamicsFREE
12.2 Helicopter flight control systems (ATA 67)PRO
12.3–12.4 Blade tracking, vibration analysis and transmissionPRO
12.5 Helicopter airframe structures (ATA 51)PRO
12.6 and 12.13 Helicopter air conditioning, ice and rain protectionPRO
12.7 Helicopter instruments and avionic systemsPRO
12.8 and 12.15 Helicopter electrical power and lightsPRO
12.9 and 12.10 Helicopter equipment, furnishings and fire protectionPRO
12.11 and 12.12 Helicopter fuel and hydraulic power systemsPRO
12.14 Helicopter landing gear (ATA 32)PRO
12.17–12.19 IMA, on-board maintenance and information systems (helicopters)PRO

Module 13: Aircraft aerodynamics, structures and systems (B2)

13.1–13.2 Theory of flight and structures — general concepts (B2)FREE
13.3 Autoflight (ATA 22)PRO
13.4(a) Radio fundamentals and communication systems (ATA 23)PRO
13.4(a) Navigation systems (ATA 34) — VOR, ADF, ILS, MLS, DME, RNAV, FMS, GNSSPRO
13.4(b) Surveillance systems — transponder, TCAS, weather radar, radio altimeter, ADS-B, ARINCPRO
13.5 and 13.9 Electrical power (ATA 24) and lights (ATA 33)PRO
13.6 and 13.12 Electronic emergency equipment and fire protection (ATA 25/26)PRO
13.7 Flight controls (ATA 27/67) — actuation, protection and fly-by-wirePRO
13.8 Instruments (ATA 31) — air data, gyros, compasses, GPWS, FDR, EFIS and warningsPRO
13.10 and 13.22 On-board maintenance systems (ATA 45) and information systems (ATA 46)PRO
13.20 and 13.21 Integrated modular avionics (ATA 42) and cabin systems (ATA 44)PRO
13.11 and 13.17 Air conditioning, cabin pressurisation (ATA 21) and oxygen (ATA 35)PRO
13.13 and 13.14 Fuel systems (ATA 28/47) and hydraulic power (ATA 29) for B2PRO
13.15, 13.18, 13.19 Ice and rain protection, pneumatic/vacuum and water/wastePRO
13.16 Landing gear (ATA 32) — systems, anti-skid, autobrake and air–ground sensingPRO

Module 14: Propulsion (B2)

14.1 Engines for B2 — turbine, APU, piston, electric/hybrid and FADECFREE
14.2 Electric/electronic engine indication systemsPRO
14.3 and 14.4 Propeller systems, starting and ignition (B2)PRO

Module 15: Gas turbine engine

15.1 Gas turbine fundamentals — energy, Newton, Brayton cycle and engine typesFREE
15.2 Engine performance — thrust, power, SFC, efficiencies and ratings (with worked examples)PRO
15.3 and 15.4 Inlets and compressors — stall, surge and airflow controlPRO
15.5 and 15.6 Combustion section and turbine section — NGVs, blade types, stress and creepPRO
15.7 Exhaust — nozzles, noise reduction and thrust reversersPRO
15.8–15.10 Bearings and seals, lubricants and fuels, lubrication systemsPRO
15.11 Engine fuel systems — fuel metering and FADECPRO
15.12 and 15.13 Engine air systems, starting and ignitionPRO
15.14 Turbine engine indication systemsPRO
15.15–15.17 Alternate turbine constructions, turboprop and turboshaft enginesPRO
15.18–15.20 APUs, power plant installation and engine fire protectionPRO
15.21 and 15.22 Engine monitoring, ground operation, storage and preservationPRO

Module 16: Piston engine

16.1–16.2 Piston engine fundamentals and performance (with worked calculations)FREE
16.3 Piston engine constructionPRO
16.4 Piston engine fuel systems — carburettors, fuel injection and electronic engine controlPRO
16.5 Piston engine starting and ignition systemsPRO
16.6 and 16.7 Induction, exhaust and cooling; supercharging and turbochargingPRO
16.8 and 16.9 Piston engine lubricants, fuels and lubrication systemsPRO
16.10 and 16.11 Piston engine indication systems and power plant installationPRO
16.12–16.14 Ground operation, storage and preservation, alternative piston constructionsPRO

Module 17A: Propeller

17.1 Propeller fundamentals — blade element theory, pitch, slip and forcesFREE
17.2 Propeller construction — materials, blade terminology, propeller types and installationPRO
17.3 and 17.4 Propeller pitch control, feathering, reverse, overspeed protection and synchronisingPRO
17.5–17.7 Propeller ice protection, maintenance, storage and preservationPRO

Module 17B: Propeller (B3)

17B (B3) Propeller fundamentals and construction for light piston aeroplanesFREE
17B (B3) Pitch control, synchronising and propeller ice protectionPRO
17B (B3) Propeller maintenance, storage and preservationPRO